There seems to be an assumption in some that carbon = performance. Just as steel comes in many types, from gas pipe to 753, so "carbon" has a myriad of types, depending upon the type and size of the fibre, and the "resin" etc. The lay-up is equally important.
At the top end I don't think that there would be a big perceivable difference between a £2,500 frame and a £3,500 frame, but they would, I'm sure, be preferable to a frame in a few £00 bike.
There seems to be some agreement generally that a reasonably good alloy frame can be at least as good as a lower-end carbon frame.
The "best" carbon is expensive as a raw material, in fact there have recently been supply shortages due in part to greater demands from the aerospace and aero industries.