Can I suggest another potential issue?
Slightly gunky freehub and loose chain, you are pedalling fast, pause pedalling slightly for the shift, freehub doesn't completely stop and 'throws' some chain forward, creating a slack ripple in the chain. As front derailleur comes across, this slack ripple hits derailleur, some going under and jamming against chainrings.
Solutions would be to ensure freehub is freewheeling easily, and increase chain tension. Either shorten chain or check that rear derailleur is working freely.