OK, I have a 2.5" HDD caddy that I've used for a couple of years.
I recently wanted to back up my documents to it but when I plugged it in, I can hear the drive trying to spin up but it never does.
The caddy & HDD are both fine as I can use them on a laptop running Linux. So that only leaves this PC.
My guess is the spin up of the HDD is too much for the USB ports on the PC. Since I was using the onboard USB controller, I added a PCI card but that didn't help so the only conclusion I can come to is the problem is caused by Vista.
The root hub in device manager shows it's capable of supplying 500mA but I've got no way of measuring, in any case if it needed more, I'm sure it can take more at device startup.
Anyone got any other ideas??