Make recycled paper from old newspapers - soak, mash, squash flat, dry.
Make "ink" from ground-up burnt sticks.
Make quills from any feathers you can find.
Make modelling dough from flour, salt, water and food colouring.
Dig through the stuff at the bottom of the compost heap to count beasties - avoid anything with ants, though.
Make a "phone" from two tin cans and string.
Do stuff with magnets and iron filings.
Make a compass with a magnetised needle stuck into a floating cork.
Make balloon-powered cable cars - a balloon released to run along under a tight string somehow.
Lots of musical instruments... bang, twang, ping.
There's a clever kite design somewhere, made from just one sheet of A4 paper and two bamboo skewers. It flies beautifully.
Burn things with a magnifying glass and the sun.
Make a sundial in the garden.
Make biscuits..
Have glorious fun.