Most MKS pedals with two flats for the pedal spanner use 12x 5/32" balls in each bearing, whereas models using a spindle with a hexagonal base use 1/8" balls. IIRC the FD-7 model is of the former type; I'm not familiar with the PD6 model.
FD7
Pieces of metal suggest that either one of the original balls broke up or the cup/cone did.
FWIW any folding pedal like this can see truly horrible scuffing loads in the outboard bearing. This is one of the few occasions where I would recommend a small preload on a cup and cone bearing, else the loads are not shared well between balls. Any free play in these bearings is fatal; the balls scuff and the usual result is that the cup starts to go oval and then break up. You should check the cup carefully to see that it isn't cracked; the seating for the cup is square and the cup is curved, so it is not well supported.
With FD-7 pedals (assuming they use 5/32" balls) the good news is that if the outboard bearing starts to break up, you can rebuild it using parts from an old set of Sylvans (or similar) which share the cone and outboard cup design, I think. The cups just knock out of the pedal body; I don't think I've ever seen a set of sylvans actually wear out; they seem to last for very long time anyway.
Are you sure you don't have FD-6?
which looks very similar to FD7 in many respects?
FWIW there is no such thing as 'decent and cheap' when it comes to folding pedals of this style. Cheap ones will succumb to exactly the same kind of bearing failure as you have seen, only faster. MKS pedals have bearings that are considerably stronger than most others. A new set of FD7s is a popular choice even though they are liable to cost about thirty quid.
cheers