To add to that I'd also like there to be a charge for parking a car on the road. The road isn't provided for the storage of private possessions.
In quite large areas of London, you do pay to park a car outside your own house, although I'll admit the cost is low compared to what you get. I think buying a house with somewhere to park a car would have added £10000 to £20000 onto it's cost, whereas owning a single car costs me about £39 a year for a residents parking permit.
I think one of the main issues with charging for bicycle parking is cost. A car parking space doesn't cost that much, when it is essentially created at the same time as the road is built and maintained. A bicycle storage system that is capable of charging cyclists either needs special locks and/or boxes that take coins, or a secure area with a bod controlling access and taking charges off of people, or something in a similar vein which would require significant infrastructure construction costs. Certainly for the current levels of bicycle usage, it probably wouldn't be cost effective.
Possibly if the number of cyclists in places like London went up extremely significantly, by which I mean numbers like a tenfold increase, then things may change, but this isn't going to happen in the very near future.