Yet Another Cycling Forum

General Category => The Knowledge => Topic started by: quixoticgeek on 30 September, 2023, 12:57:40 pm

Title: European Bike
Post by: quixoticgeek on 30 September, 2023, 12:57:40 pm

Is it possible to build a bike up, where all the components have been made in Europe (for which I am including UK, Norway, etc...)

Obviously the iron ore, for the steel, or the latex for the tyre rubber is probably sourced outside the EU. But of all of the named manufactured parts. Is it possible?

Ideally without it being super high end. So I know we can get a Rholoff hub, but what about cheaper driver trains?

I think the tubing is doable. Reynoulds still manufacture in Birmingham, and Columbus still make in Milan.

Tyres, Continental still manufacture some of their range in Germany.

But what about the rest? The drive train? rims?

J
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: grams on 30 September, 2023, 01:30:58 pm
Mavic still has a rim/wheel factory in France:
https://www.cyclist.co.uk/in-depth/mavic-factory
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: zigzag on 30 September, 2023, 02:07:33 pm
campag groupset might still be made in eu. look pedals.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: StuAff on 30 September, 2023, 02:23:28 pm
Campagnolo only manufacture in Europe- the mothership in Vicenza, and two plants in Romania.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: tatanab on 30 September, 2023, 02:32:08 pm
Campagnolo only manufacture in Europe- the mothership in Vicenza, and two plants in Romania.
They also rebadge some Tektro parts, or at least did.  Time trial brakes still have the R725 and other Tektro numbers  on the back.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: Cudzoziemiec on 30 September, 2023, 03:32:30 pm
Hope brakes, hubs, bearings.

If we count accessories: Carradice, Restrap, (loads of others), Exposure, B&M, (loads of others)...
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: hubner on 30 September, 2023, 03:49:07 pm
It might be questionable whether you can build a bike with only UK parts, but I'm sure it's easy to build an European bike.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: quixoticgeek on 30 September, 2023, 03:53:54 pm
Campagnolo only manufacture in Europe- the mothership in Vicenza, and two plants in Romania.

Problem with campag is they only make high end road/gravel/race stuff.

In fact pretty much everything we've mentioned had been high end :(

J
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: fruitcake on 30 September, 2023, 04:00:19 pm
I guess smaller factories and small batches means higher unit prices, relative to Taiwanese-made items. And so Campag _could_ launch a hybrid / utility bike range, but it may need to be sold for the same price as their road bike range.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: lissotriton on 30 September, 2023, 05:13:22 pm
Go singlespeed or fixed, plenty of brands making cogs etc. Though not sure about chains.
Some Gates belt drives are made in Europe (Dumfries).
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: Andrew Br on 30 September, 2023, 07:33:06 pm
Campagnolo only manufacture in Europe- the mothership in Vicenza, and two plants in Romania.

Problem with Campag is they only make high end road/gravel/race stuff.

In fact pretty much everything we've mentioned had been high end :(

J

Manufacturing in Europe, particularly Western Europe, is expensive.
Hence mainly "high end" components being produced here.

Do you have a specification and budget in mind for the bike or is it purely hypothetical ?*

*Not a "criticism", I'm genuinely curious.

Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: quixoticgeek on 30 September, 2023, 08:55:55 pm


Manufacturing in Europe, particularly Western Europe, is expensive.
Hence mainly "high end" component being produced here.

Do you have a specification and budget in mind for the bike or is it purely hypothetical ?*

*Not a "criticism", I'm genuinely curious.

At this stage purely hypothetical. Came about from a discussion with a friend.

J
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: mzjo on 30 September, 2023, 08:56:53 pm
Where are Ryde rims made? And do Mavic still have a manufacturing facility in Romania or has that gone (and, if so, who to?)

There are no shortage of saddles from italian companies but I don't suppose there is a vast range actually manufactured in Europe. There are Berthoud, Idéale and Leppe but the first two are not really mid-range.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: Lightning Phil on 30 September, 2023, 08:59:37 pm
https://itismadeineurope.com/my-european-bike-parts-list/
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: quixoticgeek on 30 September, 2023, 08:59:51 pm
Where are Ryde rims made? And do Mavic still have a manufacturing facility in Romania or has that gone (and, if so, who to?)

There are no shortage of saddles from italian companies but I don't suppose there is a vast range actually manufactured in Europe. There are Berthoud, Idéale and Leppe but the first two are not really mid-range.

Do brooks not make theirs in the UK any more ?

J
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: JonBuoy on 30 September, 2023, 09:08:06 pm
https://itismadeineurope.com/my-european-bike-parts-list/

The handlebars are €340.  Not exactly cheap!
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: Paul H on 30 September, 2023, 09:48:21 pm
Europe can't manufacture high volume stuff that sells on a global market. Even if it's only a bit more expensive to manufacture, that reduces sales, which affects production costs, which makes it more expensive, which reduces sales...
Most successful European manufacturers are high end, not because they're any better at it, but because they can compete at that volume.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: Cudzoziemiec on 01 October, 2023, 01:54:06 pm
Kross and Romet still make frames in Poland and some of their stuff is definitely budget end.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: LittleWheelsandBig on 01 October, 2023, 03:05:14 pm
Much of the rubber for tyres is synthetic.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 07:43:13 am
 Brooksengland saddles, Italian owned

https://bikebiz.com/selle-royal-buys-brooks/

mostly Made in Birmingham
https://theradavist.com/brooks-england-factory-shop-visit/

https://road.cc/content/feature/story-brooks-england-300907#:~:text=Once%20a%20household%20name%20throughout,and%20riveted%20in%20Smethwick%2C%20Birmingham.

but some rubber saddles Made in Italy
https://www.brooksengland.com/en_eu/c13.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4n8qkwIElY
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 07:52:10 am
UK made pedals
https://www.hopetech.com/products/drivetrain/pedals/
https://www.pinnd.co.uk/
https://pembree.com/d2a-flat-mountain-bike-pedal/
https://www.superstarcomponents.com/index.php/en/shop/mountain/mountain-drivetrain/mountain-pedals/
https://www.cardertech.co.uk/shop/twotwelve-pedals
https://uniteco.bike/shop/components/pedals/mtb-pedal/
https://www.chaterlea.com/
Burgtec??

https://www.pinkbike.com/news/catalyst-pedals-ready-for-eu-distribution-with-new-uk-partners.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnWZFObTBUo


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OlDWM-3CV8g

https://www.biketinker.com/2010/projects/haworth-swing-pedal/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUcfbRdH6Pw
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 08:03:53 am
Brompton bikes are mostly European sourced parts and made in UK.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=max3bL3bTbg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OGSluKS1-So
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0FBFoNh32g

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNE81Fkm0b4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHpt0ohIDCY
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 08:18:46 am
Moulton bikes made in UK
https://www.moultonbicycles.co.uk/heritage.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52en1B53dWE
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 08:27:29 am
Renold chains made in Germany

https://www.britishcycling.org.uk/about/article/20210916-about-bc-news-Renold-chain-technology-used-to-great-effect-by-the-Great-Britain-Cycling-Team-0

https://shop.renold.com/products/velo-ct-rio


SRAM chains made in Portugal
https://www.pinkbike.com/news/connection-an-introduction-to-srams-coimbra-family.html

Wippermann Connex chains made in Germany
https://www.connexchain.com/en/


Campagnolo chains made in Italy
https://www.globalcyclingnetwork.com/video/campagnolo-how-a-campagnolo-chain-is-made

https://cyclingindustry.news/portugal-bike-valley-europe-manufacturing/

Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 10:06:04 am
Miranda

https://m.facebook.com/mirandabikeparts

https://mirandabikeparts.com/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6W-N0hMEP4

Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 12:17:19 pm
Components

Most Miche parts are made in europe / Italy
https://miche.it/en/
https://www.cyclist.co.uk/in-depth/made-in-italy-miche-insider

https://www.modolo.it/

https://www.mountainbikecomponents.co.uk/brand/middleburn/
https://www.mountainbikecomponents.co.uk/biking/bike-components-made-in-britain/

https://rotorbike.com/

https://www.hopetech.com/

https://www.lookcycle.com/us-en/products/pedals

https://www.sram.com/en/time-sport

https://stronglight.com/

https://specialites-ta.com/

https://www.workscomponents.co.uk/

https://www.velosolo.co.uk/shopcrank.html

https://bikerumor.com/factory-tour-dt-swiss-shows-us-make-rims-spokes-premium-wheelsets/

http://www.royceuk.co.uk/Royce-Uk.html

https://www.facebook.com/erasecomponents/

https://www.pinkbike.com/news/round-up-16-little-known-continental-european-manufacturers-making-exciting-stuff.html

https://www.fibrax.com/

https://ebcbikes.com/ (possibly not european)

https://goodridge.brakes-hoses-fittings.co.uk/

https://www.pinkbike.com/news/eurobike-2023-exciting-products-from-european-manufacturers-part-3.html
Bike Brands across europe

https://discerningcyclist.com/european-bike-brands/

https://origin-bike.com/

https://en.brujulabike.com/sram-time-pedals-factory-portugal/

https://www.bike-eu.com/production/portugal-bike-value

https://m.pinkbike.com/news/sixpack-launches-composite-pedals-all-made-in-germany.html

https://www.motobicycles.com/en/pages/moto-about

https://www.bike-eu.com/43795/gates-expands-production-for-european-bike-market
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 12:37:04 pm
Some Continental tyres are made in Germany

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06QNIjNzqco

https://www.conti-tyres.co.uk/latest-news/167-korbach-factory-behind-the-scenes

Some Michelin and Hutchinson tyres are made in europe

https://cycling.hutchinson.com/about-us/

Mitas / Rubena are made in Czech republic.
https://bikerumor.com/czech-made-rubena-tires-are-back-after-a-7-year-rebranding-exercise-as-mitas-tyres/
https://www.rubena.eu/en/about-us/news/czech-tyre-manufacturer-changes-brand-mitas-rubena-tyres/

https://bikerumor.com/czech-made-rubena-tires-are-back-after-a-7-year-rebranding-exercise-as-mitas-tyres/

Vredestein
https://www.i-ride.co.uk/brands/vredestein/

https://road.cc/content/feature/how-green-are-your-bike-tyres-281121

https://press.pirelli.com/the-pirelli-factory-in-bollate-italy--starts-its-production-of-cycling-tyres/#:~:text=The%20Pirelli%20plant%20in%20Bollate,opened%20by%20Pirelli%20in%201962.

https://www.tufo.com/en/about-us

https://www.pinkbike.com/news/onza-tires-releases-new-made-in-europe-inner-tubes.html

https://road.cc/content/feature/how-tubolito-revolutionised-the-bicycle-inner-tube-299721


https://teknikum.com/reference/the-rubber-quality-of-the-suomi-tyres-bicycle-winter-tires-is-designed-to-withstand-studs-and-riding-on-them/


https://a-dugast.com/

https://suomityres.fi/story-continues/
https://teknikum.com/reference/the-rubber-quality-of-the-suomi-tyres-bicycle-winter-tires-is-designed-to-withstand-studs-and-riding-on-them/

https://greentyre.co.uk/bicycle-tyres.php

https://www.continental-tyres.co.uk/b2c/stories/blackchili-technology/
https://www.ineosgrenadiers.com/sponsors/continental
https://www.conti-tyres.co.uk/technical/deutsche-technik

https://www.veloflex.it/en/about-us

Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: Jurek on 19 November, 2023, 01:14:08 pm
I seem to remember reading somewhere that Look stuff is produced in North Africa.
ETA - It is, Tunisia.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 19 November, 2023, 01:18:03 pm
Mudguards and pumps etc

SKS, Zefal, etc

https://www.youtube.com/@ZefalOfficial
https://www.youtube.com/@sks_germany

https://berthoudcycles.fr/en/

https://herrmans.eu/
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: morbihan on 20 November, 2023, 01:41:29 am
Hi J.
Bombtrack the parent company of several bike manufacturing sub units as well as the aforementioned bike are based in Cologne
https://www.bombtrack.com/family
I have a seido fork (bombtrack family) and it was very reasonable, as well as being awesome!
Im not sure to what extent their products are made in situ.
Ingrid components in Italy?
Related to that and on a slight tangent...one of my guilty pleasures is listening to desert Island discs as I get the evening meal ready.  Today was Patrick Grant who was trained as an engineer (like yourself?) and gravitated over to fashion. He touches in the episode about how traditional  Uk based manufacturers (tailors, weavers etc) have, along with anyone else who was in traditional manufacturing, been hugely undervalued and left by the wayside as corporations search for cheaper and then even cheaper places to have their products made. I think this dovetails into your Q about locally made and value to the consumer.  If you have the time I urge you to listen to the podcast.  Far from being your typical high wastage, change it every six months fashionista he has some deep and inherently socially responsible ideals that he has been true to.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: Cudzoziemiec on 20 November, 2023, 12:16:06 pm
Fairlight frames used to be made in Czecho, presumably they still are.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 21 November, 2023, 10:51:20 am
Look stuff

https://support.lookcycle.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011742959-Where-are-LOOK-products-made-

https://roadbikeaction.com/being-there-inside-the-look-factory


https://www.imbikemag.com/mountain-bike-news/2022/08/look-expands-mtb-range-with-two-new-flat-pedals-made-in-france
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 21 November, 2023, 10:57:32 am
Brakes

https://www.rideformula.com/

https://galfer.eu/

https://trickstuff.de/

https://www.intend-bc.com/

https://www.hopetech.com/

https://www.magura.com/en/EUR/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x_ld92wMsww

https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=641358174866560&set=a.400735748928805

Fibrax
https://www.fibrax.org/the-fibrax-group.html
https://cyclingindustry.news/fibrax-why-cheap-components-can-be-among-the-most-important-for-an-oem/

http://www.goodridgeuk.com/mountain-bikes/
https://goodridge.brakes-hoses-fittings.co.uk/

https://ebcbrakes.com/about-ebc-brakes/

https://m.pinkbike.com/news/new-disc-brakes-and-more-from-5-european-brake-manufacturers-eurobike-2023.html

https://swissstop.ch/en/about-swissstop/news/2022/press-release-new-automated-production-facility-in-switzerland/#:~:text=%28Mendrisio%2C%20Switzerland%29%20A%20new%2C%20fully%20automated%20brake%20pad,operation%20at%20the%20SwissStop%20headquarters%20in%20Mendrisio%2C%20Switzerland.

https://www.trelleborg.com/en/seals/your-industry/emobility/bicycles

https://dpseals.com/pressreleases/dp-seals-supplies-hope-20-years/

https://bikerumor.com/spotted-prototype-braking-incas-brakes-shed-grams-boost-power-for-all-mountain-bikes/

https://www.pinkbike.com/news/factory-tour-formula-brakes-2015.html

https://www.brakeforceone.de/

https://www.bike-eu.com/43282/maguras-made-in-germany-mantra-pays-off-as-sales-triple-during-supply-crunch

https://galfer.eu/bike/products/brake-discs/
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 21 November, 2023, 11:21:18 am
https://3tmadeinitaly.bike/

https://ingrid.bike/

Fulcrum ??

https://acros-components.com/en/

https://www.gipiemmewheels.com/  ??

https://www.pinkbike.com/news/round-up-10-little-known-british-manufacturers-making-exciting-stuff.html

https://m.pinkbike.com/news/round-up-10-little-known-european-manufacturers-making-exciting-stuff.html

https://ofmega.com

https://www.hambini.com/

https://carradice.co.uk/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7wq9wzZhL4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrsxKYl18UU

https://www.uberbikecomponents.com/category/488/Made-In-Sheffield-UK-Range

https://www.raceti.com/

https://novatoride.com/gb/

https://extralite.com/

https://www.ursus.it/

https://frmbike.net/en/

https://ambrosiowheels.com/en/history/

https://usa.cinelli-milano.com/collections/made-in-italy

https://www.garbaruk.com/

https://www.thm.bike/en/

https://www.widek.nl/

https://oakcomponents.de/en

https://www.themanufacturer.com/articles/uk-bike-makers-a-community-riding-high/

https://www.mcfk.de/en/

https://beast-components.de/en/

https://reverse-components.com/en ??

https://bike-ahead-composites.de/company/about-us.html

https://www.actofive.com/

https://www.ergonbike.com/en/index.html

https://www.radoxx.de/en/

https://www.bike-x.de/mtb/parts/mtb-parts-made-in-germany/

https://www.pinkbike.com/news/the-european-bike-project-5-exciting-products-from-small-european-manufacturers-february-2022.html
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 21 November, 2023, 11:36:06 am
Fixed sprockets

https://www.velosolo.co.uk/shopdisc.html
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: morbihan on 22 November, 2023, 12:24:47 pm
https://www.gramm-tourpacking.com

Constructed in Germany and Portugal.
The diamond bag/allygn rack combo is so good and tight Ive changed out all our bikes that had other more cumbersome Rando bags for this Bauhaus set up.
All We Ever Wanted Was Everything. and this comes close.
 
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: fd3 on 23 November, 2023, 08:13:24 pm
Campag doesn't have to be high end expensive if you buy second hand.
Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 23 November, 2023, 10:44:03 pm
Frame tubes

Proprietary tubes

Reynolds
https://www.facebook.com/ReynoldsTechnology/

https://noviceframebuilder.co.uk/personal-articles/visit-to-reynolds-technology/

https://ninelittletubes.wordpress.com/2014/05/04/a-visit-to-reynolds-technology/

https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/rtl_steel_alloys_extract.pdf

https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/materials/steel/steel-520/

Columbus
https://www.columbustubi.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Columbus-2021-Steel-Catalogue-v2-web.pdf

Dedacciai
http://www.dedacciai.com/download/zero-zero1.pdf


Other tubes
Generic / plain gauge

T45
https://aerocommetals.co.uk/featured-inventory/alloy-steel-t45-2/

25crmo4
https://www.tennant-metall.de/en/products/steel-tubes/tubes-25crmo4

https://geschichte.salzgitter-ag.com/en/history-of-the-business-units-and-sites/steel-processing-business-unit/mannesmann-precision-tubes-gmbh.html


https://road.cc/content/feature/renaissance-reynolds-steel-bike-frames-300667



Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 27 November, 2023, 11:44:06 pm
Saddles

https://www.selleitalia.com/

https://www.schmolke-carbon.com/products/saddles/

https://www.berk-composites.com/

https://www.brooksengland.com/en_uk/saddles.html

https://www.sellesmp.com/en/company/100-made-in-italy.html

https://www.selleroyal.com/en_uk

https://taborsaddles.com/en/tabor

https://sellesanmarco.com/

https://ismseat.com/  ??

https://www.sq-lab.com/en/news-sqlab-saddle-made-in-germany/

https://www.derriereitalia.com/

https://www.fizik.com/uk_en/drops/adaptive.html

https://www.sellesideale.fr/en/

https://berthoudcycles.fr/en/

Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 03 December, 2023, 03:26:29 am
Cranks, bottom brackets, chainrings

https://www.bike-eu.com/45716/thun-restarts-crank-production-in-germany

https://thun.de/products/

https://www.thm.bike/en/

https://bikerumor.com/garbaruk-machines-light-strong-pretty-hollow-alloy-gravel-road-bike-crankset/

https://www.pinkbike.com/news/first-look-actofives-cnc-machined-signature-cranks-are-a-work-of-german-art.html

https://www.federleicht-bike.com/en/components/kurbel-150mm-sl.html

https://www.mountainbikecomponents.co.uk/brand/middleburn/

https://uniteco.bike/

https://www.workscomponents.co.uk/chainrings-19-c.asp

https://rotorbike.com/

https://mirandabikestore.com/

https://www.pinnd.co.uk

https://www.sturdycycles.co.uk/product/titanium-crankset

https://ingrid.bike/product/crankset-crs-g2/

https://www.hambini.com/

https://www.hopetech.com/

https://bikerumor.com/factory-tour-inside-3t-cycling-how-torno-carbon-cranks-are-handmade-in-italy-more/

https://www.campagnolo.com/gb-en/

https://miche.it/en/

https://ofmega.com

https://specialites-ta.com/

https://stronglight.com/

https://bikerumor.com/cyber-cranks-modern-modular-tubular-steel-crankset-forks-and-stems/

https://www.cybercycles.de/cranks

https://beringer-bicycle.com/?lang=en

https://www.chaterlea.com/

http://royceuk.co.uk/Royce-Uk.html

https://www.hktproducts.co.uk/collections/chainrings

https://dward-design.co.uk/product/titanium-mtb-chainring/

https://www.uberbikecomponents.com/category/491/Narrow-Wide-Chainrings

https://kappstein.de/products/chainrings/?L=1

https://www.fraezen.de/en

https://www.connexchain.com/en/about-connex/made-in-germany






Title: Re: European Bike
Post by: paton on 05 December, 2023, 01:07:15 pm
Hubs , wheels

https://www.campagnolo.com

https://miche.it/en/

http://royceuk.co.uk

https://www.hopetech.com/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4c_VILH0CXc

https://www.mountainbikecomponents.co.uk/biking/betds-bike-hubs-buying-guide/

https://bikerumor.com/rotor-engages-innovative-rvolver-radial-cylindrical-pawl-bike-hubs/

https://wheelsbike.it/en/

https://frmbike.net/en/  ??

https://www.ursus.it/products/road-racing/hubs/

https://damilcomponents.com/en/

https://acse-parts.fr/en/

https://acros-components.com/en/products/road/hubs/

https://www.aivee.fr/en/

https://pmpbike.eu/en/collections/mozzi

https://tune.de/en/parts/

https://www.carbon-ti.com/products/hubs

Mavic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEOyBWSWgH8

DT Swiss
https://bikerumor.com/factory-tour-dt-swiss-shows-us-make-rims-spokes-premium-wheelsets/

https://qvist.cc/
https://bikerumor.com/qvist-hub-get-double-ratchet-engagement/

https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarComponents/

https://mach1.fr/en/pages/a-propos-notre-histoire

https://www.drc.it/?lang=en

https://road.cc/content/feature/how-ghisallo-makes-wooden-bike-wheels-301393

https://www.lilienthal.bike/en-gb

https://rodicycling.com/en/about-us/

https://velo.outsideonline.com/road/road-culture/made-in-italy-a-tour-of-the-gipiemme-factory/

https://mackhubs.com/

https://www.erasecomponents.com/mtbhubs

https://www.bike-eu.com/43239/made-in-germany-nine-speed-hub-launched-at-eurobike

https://www.corima.com/heritage/know-how.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGA41NPcALg

https://www.ryde.nl/homepage/about-ryde/#:~:text=Ryde%20builds%20its%20rims%20where,in%20Malaysia%20and%20in%20China.

https://www.cyclist.co.uk/in-depth/wire-in-the-blood-inside-spoke-maker-sapim

https://www.mtb-mag.com/en/diamonz-proudly-made-in-italy-carbon-rims/

https://www.k-o-m.co.uk/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qO6DUSKhbRU