I currently run a 40/23 with a 11-46 on the rear with an Ultegra Shadow rear mech with a wolf link. No dramas at all and it will go large large (just). Not that I run it in that config.
23 --> 46
^ Surely that's gone past the stage where it's quicker to get off and walk (or do you just not like getting your feet wet )
I built up the bike with the purpose of long distance hilly events, rather embarrasingly I've yet to tackle a hill on the bike with this set up but simulating a 20% grad on the Tacx Neo I'm looking at a cadence of just over 90rpm and just under 200 watts with 23*32. Well within threshold, spinning to win.
And 40*11 means the bike will still go at a fair lick, going down hills on a bent you are natuarally faster due to better aero so not bothered about spinning out.