I have had several varieties of Bamboo for the past 14 years, including Phylostachys Nigra, Phylostachys Aurea, Pseudosasa Japonica and an Arundaria I can't remember the name of.
None of this lot get out of their pram, well, not too much. I usually have and annual cutback to stop it going silly.
Probably the worst one is the Pseudosasa Japonica because it tends to pop up in a different location. Good for getting extra plants to use in another part of the garden or give away though.
You'd have a long wait to get the sort of diameter you are talking about though, unles you wemt for something nutty like Phyllostachys pubescens Gramineae, which is about the fastest growing Bamboo that you can get away with in the UK.